Critical Thinking Tasks in ESP Speaking Classes: A Qualitative Exploration of 21st Century Skills Development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56314/edulec.v5i2.341Keywords:
ESP Speaking Class, Critical Thinking Tasks, 21st-Century Skills, PGSD StudentsAbstract
Humans expect English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classes in the 21st century to not only help students get better at speaking and writing English, but also to help them think critically and communicate professionally. The goal of this study was to find out how critical thinking tasks are used in an ESP speaking class and how they help second-semester students in the Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) program at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar build abilities they would need in the 21st century. A qualitative descriptive design was used to collect data from nine students using semi-structured interviews and observations of the classroom. Thematic analysis showed that critical thinking exercises helped students solve problems in the real world, explain and defend their ideas, and work well with others in group conversations. Even though participants had trouble with terminology and expression, they said they felt more confident, more conscious of their thinking, and more ready for work. The study concludes that critical thinking exercises in ESP speaking classes help students learn the language and develop skills that are important in the 21st century. It also suggests that authentic assignments with enough assistance should be used to help students succeed.
Downloads
References
Arfae, A. M. (2019). The Impact of Teaching Critical Thinking on EFL Learners’ Speaking Skill: A Case Study of an Iranian Context. English Language Teaching, 13(1), 112. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n1p112
Bahri, M. S., & Florentinus, T. S. (2020). Development of Nested-Integrated Learning Model in Indonesian Subjects Based on 21st Century Learning. Innovative Journal of Curriculum and Educational Technology, 9(1), 10–16.
Baskal, A. K., Sujarwo, & Muhammad Yahrif. (2024). Code-Mixing As a Communicative Strategy Among International Passengers and Employees in Hasanuddin International Airport Makassar. IJOLEH : International Journal of Education and Humanities, 3(1), 44–60. https://doi.org/10.56314/ijoleh.v3i1.222
Dildora, M. (2023). Developing an ESP-Based Language Learning Environment to Help Students Improve Critical Thinking Skills in Written Output. Information Sciences Letters, 12(4), 1131–1140. https://doi.org/10.18576/isl/120431
Hasnani, S., & Uleng, B. P. (2022). Pendampingan Siswa Dalam Melatih Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Berbasis Language Focused Learning Di Sma Negeri 13 Makassar. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat MEMBANGUN NEGERI, 6(1), 112–120. https://doi.org/10.35326/pkm.v6i1.2109
Jubhari, Y., Aziz, A., Idham, A. Z., & Rajab, A. (2024). English for Specific Purposes (ESP) Materials Based on Needs Analysis for Nursing Students in Facing the Society 5.0 Era. Education, Language, and Culture (EDULEC), 4(1). https://doi.org/10.56314/edulec.v4i1
Kulamikhina, I., Kamysheva, E., Samylova, O., Balobanova, A., & Rakhmetova, E. (2020). Development of Professional Communication Skills in Students in the ESP Class: Integration of Communicative and Critical Thinking Approaches. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference on Philosophy of Education, Law and Science in the Era of Globalization (PELSEG 2020). International Scientific Conference on Philosophy of Education, Law and Science in the Era of Globalization (PELSEG 2020), Ekaterinburg, Russia. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200723.043
Muliani, M., & Sumarsono, D. (2019). Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) Approach In Speaking Materials For Students’ 21st Century Skill: Does It Have Any Effect? Jo-ELT (Journal of English Language Teaching) Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa & Seni Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IKIP, 6(2), 99. https://doi.org/10.33394/jo-elt.v6i2.2362
Pardede, P. (2020). Integrating the 4Cs into EFL Integrated Skills Learning. JET (Journal of English Teaching), 6(1), 71–85. https://doi.org/10.33541/jet.v6i1.190
Qizi, K. Z. M. (2025). The Role of Critical Thinking Activities in Teaching Speaking. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY BULLETIN, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15022547
Ramezani, R., Larsari, E. E., & Kiasi, M. A. (2016). The Relationship between Critical Thinking and EFL Learners’ Speaking Ability. English Language Teaching, 9(6), 189. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v9n6p189
Rojabi, A. R., Setiawan, S., Munir, A., Purwati, O., Safriyani, R., Hayuningtyas, N., Khodijah, S., & Amumpuni, R. S. (2022). Kahoot, Is It Fun or Unfun? Gamifying Vocabulary Learning to Boost Exam Scores, Engagement, and Motivation. Frontiers in Education, 7, 939884. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.939884
Sasabone, L., Jubhari, Y., Sukmawati, & Sujarwo. (2021). The Implementation of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in Improving Students Speaking Skill of UKI Paulus Makassar. EDULEC : EDUCATION, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE JOURNAL, 1(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.56314/edulec.v1i1.1
Sasi, A., Evelyne Ilam Beriak, Aimi Khairiyah Hamdan, & Melor Md Yunus. (2025). SpeakQuest—Using 5w1h to Improve Speaking Skills among Level 2 Pupils. Malaysia Journal of Invention and Innovation (MJII), 4(4). https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14854875
Sujarwo, S., Akhiruddin, A., Salemuddin, Muh. R., Sabillah, B. M., & Sriwahyuni, S. (2019). The Application of Problem Solving Reasoning (PSR) in Improving Students’ Metacognitive at the Twelfth Grade Students of SMAN 19 Makassar. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.29103/ijevs.v1i2.1525
Sujarwo, S., Asdar, A., Sabillah, B. M., Sukmawati, S., Akhiruddin, A., & Muh. Syata, W. (2023). Innovation In English Language Learning Model Based Digital Literacy To Construct Young Learners’ Character. Ethical Lingua: Journal of Language Teaching and Literature, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.30605/25409190.640
Sukmawati, Rosmayanti, V., Amin, S., Sujarwo, Akhiruddin, Christo, Y., & Khatima, C. (2025). Empowering the Implementation of Self-Regulated Learning Through Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in English Instruction. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 58(1), 50–61. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpp.v58i1.82086
Sumarni, S., & Salsabila, F. (2023). The Infusion of Critical Thinking Skills Indicators and Microlearning Principles in the English Reading Materials for Vocational School Students: A Content Analysis. English Review: Journal of English Education, 11(3), 699–708. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v11i3.8819
Syafii, M. L., Santoso, S., & Harotno, S. (2021). Story-telling Technique Utilizing Puppets to Enhance the Learners’ Speaking Competence. International Journal on Social and Education Sciences, 3(2), 304–341. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijonses.70
Zarrinabadi, N. (2014). Communicating in a second language: Investigating the effect of teacher on learners’ willingness to communicate. System, 42, 288–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2013.12.014
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Awalia Azis, Ika Satrawati, Anwar Taufiq, Yuriatson Jubhari, Dzur Rif'ah Mahmudah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Lisensi hak cipta Creative Commons dan alat-alatnya membentuk keseimbangan dalam pengaturan tradisional yang ada pada hukum hak cipta. Alat kami memberikan setiap orang, dari pencipta individu sampai dengan perusahaan dan lembaga besar, cara sederhana standar untuk memberikan izin hak cipta atas ciptaan kreatif mereka. Kombinasi dari alat-alat dan pengguna kami adalah kumpulan komunitas digital yang luas dan berkembang, kolam konten yang dapat disalin, didistribusikan, digubah, dan dibuat ciptaan turunannya, dan semua dalam batas-batas hukum hak cipta.
